Estimation of internal solitary wave propagation speed in the Andaman Sea using multi–satellite images

Different image pairs of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) from tandem satellites (i.e. ERS2 and EnviSat) sunglint optical images Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), Visible Infrared Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Medium Spectrometer (MERIS) between December 2002 May 2016 are investigated used to estimate the propagation speed Internal Solitary Waves (ISWs) in Andaman Sea. 426 ISWs identified during this period found be concentrated four regions Sea namely, (a) southeastern region near Sumatra, (b) central eastern region, (c) around Nicobar Islands, (d) northern region. However, phase ISWs, 11 suitable, which captured 24 ISWs. Two methods, (i) Multiple Images Comparison (MIC), (ii) Tidal Time Period (TTP) The estimated speeds well agreed with theoretical results derived Sturm–Liouville equation using monthly climatology stratification data local bathymetry. A maximum 3.02 m/s was at 3740 m depth western side Islands minimum 0.83 100 It is that ISW decreases as they propagate deep shallow water. From analysis variation speed, we higher January than March Sea, attributed environmental parameters such mixed layer (MLD), thermocline depth, etc. over water play a vital role controlling